The Sunda gharial faces complex, interlinked threats across its range. Habitat loss and fragmentation from peatland drainage, oil palm expansion, logging, and fires have drastically reduced suitable wetlands. Human-crocodile conflict is rising as encroachment increases, often leading to retaliatory killings. At least in Sumatra, a significant threat appears to be predation of eggs by the introduced Wild boar (Sus scrofa). Unsustainable fisheries, ghost gear, and incidental capture add further pressure, yet their impacts remain poorly understood. Weak enforcement and the absence of long-term monitoring hinder our understanding of trends and conservation outcomes. Climate change further disrupts hydrological regimes vital for nesting and prey. Despite these escalating pressures, conservation action remains scarce and fragmented—driven by a few dedicated individuals and groups working voluntarily with limited resources. The lack of sustained coordination leaves major knowledge and action gaps, threatening both the species’ recovery and the integrity of peat swamp ecosystems like Berbak NP.